<h1 id="tcpip">TCP/IP<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#tcpip"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" height="1em" fill="currentColor"><path d="M280 341.1l-1.2.1c-3.6.4-7 2-9.6 4.5l-64.6 64.6c-13.7 13.7-32 21.2-51.5 21.2s-37.8-7.5-51.5-21.2c-13.7-13.7-21.2-32-21.2-51.5s7.5-37.8 21.2-51.5l68.6-68.6c3.5-3.5 7.3-6.6 11.4-9.3 4.6-3 9.6-5.6 14.8-7.5 4.8-1.8 9.9-3 15-3.7 3.4-.5 6.9-.7 10.2-.7 1.4 0 2.8.1 4.6.2 17.7 1.1 34.4 8.6 46.8 21 7.7 7.7 13.6 17.1 17.1 27.3 2.8 8 11.2 12.5 19.3 10.1.1 0 .2-.1.3-.1.1 0 .2 0 .2-.1 8.1-2.5 12.8-11 10.5-19.1-4.4-15.6-12.2-28.7-24.6-41-15.6-15.6-35.9-25.8-57.6-29.3-1.9-.3-3.8-.6-5.7-.8-3.7-.4-7.4-.6-11.1-.6-2.6 0-5.2.1-7.7.3-5.4.4-10.8 1.2-16.2 2.5-1.1.2-2.1.5-3.2.8-6.7 1.8-13.3 4.2-19.5 7.3-10.3 5.1-19.6 11.7-27.7 19.9l-68.6 68.6C58.9 304.4 48 330.8 48 359c0 28.2 10.9 54.6 30.7 74.4C98.5 453.1 124.9 464 153 464c28.2 0 54.6-10.9 74.4-30.7l65.3-65.3c10.4-10.5 2-28.3-12.7-26.9z"></path><path d="M433.3 78.7C413.5 58.9 387.1 48 359 48s-54.6 10.9-74.4 30.7l-63.7 63.7c-9.7 9.7-3.6 26.3 10.1 27.4 4.7.4 9.3-1.3 12.7-4.6l63.8-63.6c13.7-13.7 32-21.2 51.5-21.2s37.8 7.5 51.5 21.2c13.7 13.7 21.2 32 21.2 51.5s-7.5 37.8-21.2 51.5l-68.6 68.6c-3.5 3.5-7.3 6.6-11.4 9.3-4.6 3-9.6 5.6-14.8 7.5-4.8 1.8-9.9 3-15 3.7-3.4.5-6.9.7-10.2.7-1.4 0-2.9-.1-4.6-.2-17.7-1.1-34.4-8.6-46.8-21-7.3-7.3-12.8-16-16.4-25.5-2.9-7.7-11.1-11.9-19.1-9.8-8.9 2.3-14.1 11.7-11.3 20.5 4.5 14 12.1 25.9 23.7 37.5l.2.2c16.9 16.9 39.4 27.6 63.3 30.1 3.7.4 7.4.6 11.1.6 2.6 0 5.2-.1 7.8-.3 6.5-.5 13-1.6 19.3-3.2 6.7-1.8 13.3-4.2 19.5-7.3 10.3-5.1 19.6-11.7 27.7-19.9l68.6-68.6c19.8-19.8 30.7-46.2 30.7-74.4s-11.1-54.6-30.9-74.4z"></path></svg></a></h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="/second-brain/tcp">TCP</a> (Transmission Control Protocol)</li>
<li><a href="/second-brain/ip">IP</a> (Internet Protocol)</li>
<li><a href="/second-brain/tcp">TCP</a>/<a href="/second-brain/ip">IP</a> suite is used by OSes for communication on a network</li>
<li><a href="/second-brain/tcp">TCP</a> rests on top of the <a href="/second-brain/ip">IP</a> foundation</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="core-protocols">Core Protocols<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#core-protocols"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" height="1em" fill="currentColor"><path d="M280 341.1l-1.2.1c-3.6.4-7 2-9.6 4.5l-64.6 64.6c-13.7 13.7-32 21.2-51.5 21.2s-37.8-7.5-51.5-21.2c-13.7-13.7-21.2-32-21.2-51.5s7.5-37.8 21.2-51.5l68.6-68.6c3.5-3.5 7.3-6.6 11.4-9.3 4.6-3 9.6-5.6 14.8-7.5 4.8-1.8 9.9-3 15-3.7 3.4-.5 6.9-.7 10.2-.7 1.4 0 2.8.1 4.6.2 17.7 1.1 34.4 8.6 46.8 21 7.7 7.7 13.6 17.1 17.1 27.3 2.8 8 11.2 12.5 19.3 10.1.1 0 .2-.1.3-.1.1 0 .2 0 .2-.1 8.1-2.5 12.8-11 10.5-19.1-4.4-15.6-12.2-28.7-24.6-41-15.6-15.6-35.9-25.8-57.6-29.3-1.9-.3-3.8-.6-5.7-.8-3.7-.4-7.4-.6-11.1-.6-2.6 0-5.2.1-7.7.3-5.4.4-10.8 1.2-16.2 2.5-1.1.2-2.1.5-3.2.8-6.7 1.8-13.3 4.2-19.5 7.3-10.3 5.1-19.6 11.7-27.7 19.9l-68.6 68.6C58.9 304.4 48 330.8 48 359c0 28.2 10.9 54.6 30.7 74.4C98.5 453.1 124.9 464 153 464c28.2 0 54.6-10.9 74.4-30.7l65.3-65.3c10.4-10.5 2-28.3-12.7-26.9z"></path><path d="M433.3 78.7C413.5 58.9 387.1 48 359 48s-54.6 10.9-74.4 30.7l-63.7 63.7c-9.7 9.7-3.6 26.3 10.1 27.4 4.7.4 9.3-1.3 12.7-4.6l63.8-63.6c13.7-13.7 32-21.2 51.5-21.2s37.8 7.5 51.5 21.2c13.7 13.7 21.2 32 21.2 51.5s-7.5 37.8-21.2 51.5l-68.6 68.6c-3.5 3.5-7.3 6.6-11.4 9.3-4.6 3-9.6 5.6-14.8 7.5-4.8 1.8-9.9 3-15 3.7-3.4.5-6.9.7-10.2.7-1.4 0-2.9-.1-4.6-.2-17.7-1.1-34.4-8.6-46.8-21-7.3-7.3-12.8-16-16.4-25.5-2.9-7.7-11.1-11.9-19.1-9.8-8.9 2.3-14.1 11.7-11.3 20.5 4.5 14 12.1 25.9 23.7 37.5l.2.2c16.9 16.9 39.4 27.6 63.3 30.1 3.7.4 7.4.6 11.1.6 2.6 0 5.2-.1 7.8-.3 6.5-.5 13-1.6 19.3-3.2 6.7-1.8 13.3-4.2 19.5-7.3 10.3-5.1 19.6-11.7 27.7-19.9l68.6-68.6c19.8-19.8 30.7-46.2 30.7-74.4s-11.1-54.6-30.9-74.4z"></path></svg></a></h2>
<ul>
<li>Full suite of protocols including:
<ul>
<li><a href="/second-brain/tcp">TCP</a>, <a href="/second-brain/ip">IP</a>, <a href="/second-brain/udp">UDP</a>, ARP, and more</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Add header to data inherited from the layer above
<ul>
<li><img src="/assets/second-brain/2020-09-29-17-08-15.png" alt="Layers add own data and addresses"></li>
<li>Layer 7, 6, 5
<ul>
<li>Data and instructions are generated by apps running on source host</li>
<li>Known as payload</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Layer 4
<ul>
<li><a href="/second-brain/transport%20layer">Transport layer</a> protocol adds header to payload</li>
<li>Usually TCP or UDP</li>
<li>Includes port number to identify receiving app</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Layer 3
<ul>
<li><a href="/second-brain/network%20layer">Network layer</a> adds its own header and becomes a packet</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Layer 2
<ul>
<li>Packet passed to <a href="/second-brain/data%20link%20layer">data link layer</a> on NIC</li>
<li>Encapsulates data with its own header and trailer --> frame</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Layer 1
<ul>
<li><a href="/second-brain/physical%20layer">Physical layer</a> on NIC receives frame and places transmission on the network</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Receiving host de-encapsulates message at each layer and presents payload to receiving apps
<ul>
<li>Reverse order</li>
<li>In transit, transmissions might pass through number of connectivity devices</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Connectivity devices
<ul>
<li>Devices allowing two or more networks/parts of one network to connect and exchange data</li>
<li>Known by highest OSI they read and process</li>
<li><img src="/assets/second-brain/2020-09-29-17-12-35.png" alt="Connectivity devices"></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="/second-brain/networking">Networking</a> <a href="/second-brain/computer%20science">Computer Science</a></p>

🧠

TCP/IP

Core Protocols

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