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Programming Paradigm

Imperative Paradigm

  • Influenced by the von Neumann architecture and the model of executing sequential instructions
  • Program describes processing necessary to solve the problem
  • Characterized by:
    • Sequential execution of instructions
    • Use of variables that represent memory locations
    • Use of assignment statements that change the values of those variables
  • Programming languages

Procedural Paradigm

  • Statements are grouped into subprograms
  • Program is a hierarchy of subprograms
  • Each subprogram performs a specific task necessary to the solution of the overall program

Object-Oriented Paradigm

  • A world interacting with objects
  • Each object has responsibility for its own actions
  • Objects are considered active
    • The code that manipulates them are bundled together
    • Objects are responsible for their own manipulation
  • Programming languages

Declarative Paradigm

  • Results are described but the steps to accomplish the results are not stated

Functional Model

  • Based on mathematical concept of functions
  • Computation is expressed in terms of the evaluation of functions
  • Solution is expressed in terms of function calls
  • Programming languages

Logic Programming

  • Based on principles of symbolic logic
  • Comprises a set of facts about objects and a set of rules about relationships among the objects
  • Program consists of asking questions about these objects and their relationships